| Autor: | Fukuda Shirazawa, Juan; Echevarria Zarate, Juan Ignacio; Llanos Zavalaga, Luis Fernando; Yi Chu, Augusto; Palomino Berríos, Sara; Gotuzzo Herencia, José Eduardo; Carillo Parodi, Carlos. |
| Resumen: | Objetivo: Evaluar la prevalencia de Streptococcus pneumoniae resistentes a penicilina (SPRP). Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal, multicéntrico, entre Noviembre de 1993 y Noviembre de 1994. Cultivos de sangre, líquido cefaloraquídeo (LCR), líquido pleural (LP), material de timpanocentesis y esputo fueron coleccionados de los laboratorios de microbiología de cuatro hospitales de Lima. Las pruebas de concentración inhibitoria mínima (CIM), fueron realizados usando métodos de dilución en agar, en el laboratorio del Instituto de Medicina Tropical. Se aislaron 61 cepas. Resultados: Solo 2 (3.3 por ciento) fueron resistentes a penicilina (SPRP), con CIM > 0.12 ug/mL. Las otras 59 (96.7 por ciento) fueron susceptibles a penicilina (CIM: 0.006-1.00 ug/mL), no se encontraron cepas con alto nivel de resistencia a penicilina (CIM _ 2.0 ug/mL). Ambas cepas fueron resistentes a cefotaxime (CIM = 0.25 ug/mL), a trimethoprim/sulfametoxazole (CIM = 8 ug/mL) y a cloramfenicol (CIM =1.0 ug/mL), pero fueron resistentes a ampicilina (CIM = 0.5 ug/mL). Cuatro (6.6 por ciento) cepas de Streptococcus pneumoniae fueron resistentes a ampicilina, (CIM: 0.06 - 4.00 ug/mL). Solo 1 cepa (1.7 por ciento) fue resistente a cloramfenicol, (CIM: 1.0 - 32.0 ug/mL). Solo 1 (1.7 por ciento) fue resistente a trimethoprim/sulfamethoxaloze, (CIM: 1.0 - 32 ug/mL). Todas las 61 cepas fueron susceptibles a cefotaxime (CIM: 0.007-0.251 ug/mL). (AU)^iesObjective: To evaluate the prevalence of resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains to penicillin. Material y methods: A multicentric transversal survey was performance between November 1993 to November 1994, in four hospitals of Lima-Peru. Samples of sputum, blood, CSF, and other fluids were collected from the microbiology laboratories of those centers. Susceptibility tests of the strains were performed by conventional methods in the laboratory of the Instituto de Medicina Tropical, 61 strains were included. Results: Only 2 (3.3 per cent) of the strains isolated were resistant (minimal inhibitory concentration, MIC>0.12 ug/mL). No high level resistant strains (MIC >2.0 ug/mL) were found in these samples. The other 59 (97.8 per cent) strains were susceptible to penicillin (MIC range: 0.006-1.0 ug/mL). Both penicillin-resistant strains were susceptible to cefotaxime (MIC = 0.251 ug/mL), trimethoprin/sulfamethoxazole (MIC = 8 ug/mL, 16 ug/mL), chloramphenicol (MIC = 1.0 ug/mL); Both strains were resistant to ampicillin, (MIC = 0.5 ug/mL, 1ug/mL). Four (6.6 per cent) strains were resistant to ampicillin, (MIC: 0.06 - 4.0 ug/mL). One strain was (1.7 per cent) resistant to Chloramphenicol, (MIC: 1.0 - 32.0 ug/mL). Only 1 (1.7 per cent) was resistant to Trimethoprin/Sulfamethoxazole, (MIC: 1.00 - 32 ug/mL). All the strains were susceptible to Cefotaxime (MIC range: 0.007-0.251 ug/mL). (AU)^ien.
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